{"ID":2889786,"CreatedAt":"2026-06-01T04:54:23.091178241Z","UpdatedAt":"2026-06-01T04:54:23.091178241Z","DeletedAt":null,"paper_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.21303","arxiv_id":"2507.21303","title":"Impact of eHMI on Pedestrians' Interactions with Level-5 Automated Driving Systems","abstract":"Each year, over half of global traffic fatalities involve vulnerable road users (e.g. pedestrians), often due to human error. Level-5 automated driving systems (ADSs) could reduce driver errors contributing to pedestrian accidents, though effectiveness depends on clarity and understandability for other road users. External human-machine interfaces (eHMIs) have been proposed to facilitate pedestrian-ADS communication, though consensus on optimal eHMI features remains unclear. In an online survey, 153 participants responded to road-crossing scenarios involving level-5 ADSs, with and without eHMIs. With eHMIs, pedestrians crossed earlier and more confidently, and reported significantly increased perceptions of safety, trust, and understanding when interacting with level-5 ADSs. Visual eHMI features (including a text display and external speedometer) were ranked more necessary than auditory ones, though auditory cues received positive feedback. This study demonstrates that eHMIs can significantly improve pedestrians' understanding of level-5 ADS intent and enhance perceived safety and trust, facilitating more intuitive pedestrian-ADS interactions.","short_abstract":"Each year, over half of global traffic fatalities involve vulnerable road users (e.g. pedestrians), often due to human error. Level-5 automated driving systems (ADSs) could reduce driver errors contributing to pedestrian accidents, though effectiveness depends on clarity and understandability for other road users. Exte...","url_abs":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.21303","url_pdf":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2507.21303v1","authors":"[\"Viktoria Marcus\",\"Griffin Pitts\",\"Sanaz Motamedi\"]","published":"2025-07-28T19:46:23Z","proceeding":"cs.HC","tasks":"[\"cs.HC\",\"cs.CY\",\"cs.ET\"]","methods":"[]","has_code":false}