{"ID":2886554,"CreatedAt":"2026-06-01T04:54:23.091178241Z","UpdatedAt":"2026-06-01T04:54:23.091178241Z","DeletedAt":null,"paper_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.03866","arxiv_id":"2508.03866","title":"Flexible In-NAND Cryptographic Processing for Secure Flash Storage","abstract":"We present FlashVault, an in-NAND self-encryption architecture that embeds a reconfigurable cryptographic engine into the unused silicon area of a state-of-the-art 4D V-NAND structure. FlashVault supports not only block ciphers for data encryption but also public-key and post-quantum algorithms for digital signatures, all within the NAND flash chip. This design enables each NAND chip to operate as a self-contained enclave without incurring area overhead, while eliminating the need for off-chip encryption. We implement FlashVault at the register-transfer level (RTL) and perform place-and-route (P\u0026R) for accurate power/area evaluation. Our analysis shows that the power budget determines the number of cryptographic engines per NAND chip. We integrate this architectural choice into a full-system simulation and evaluate its performance on a wide range of cryptographic algorithms. Our results show that FlashVault consistently outperforms both CPU-based encryption (1.46~3.45x) and near-core processing architecture (1.02~2.01x), demonstrating its effectiveness as a secure SSD architecture that meets diverse cryptographic requirements imposed by regulatory standards and enterprise policies.","short_abstract":"We present FlashVault, an in-NAND self-encryption architecture that embeds a reconfigurable cryptographic engine into the unused silicon area of a state-of-the-art 4D V-NAND structure. FlashVault supports not only block ciphers for data encryption but also public-key and post-quantum algorithms for digital signatures,...","url_abs":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.03866","url_pdf":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2508.03866v2","authors":"[\"Seock-Hwan Noh\",\"Hoyeon Lee\",\"Junkyum Kim\",\"Junsu Im\",\"Jay H. Park\",\"Sungjin Lee\",\"Sam H. Noh\",\"Yeseong Kim\",\"Jaeha Kung\"]","published":"2025-08-05T19:29:59Z","proceeding":"cs.AR","tasks":"[\"cs.AR\"]","methods":"[]","has_code":false}