{"ID":2874122,"CreatedAt":"2026-06-01T04:54:23.091178241Z","UpdatedAt":"2026-06-01T04:54:23.091178241Z","DeletedAt":null,"paper_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.20365","arxiv_id":"2509.20365","title":"An Analytical and AI-discovered Stable, Accurate, and Generalizable Subgrid-scale Closure for Geophysical Turbulence","abstract":"By combining AI and fluid physics, we discover a closed-form closure for 2D turbulence from small direct numerical simulation (DNS) data. Large-eddy simulation (LES) with this closure is accurate and stable, reproducing DNS statistics including those of extremes. We also show that the new closure could be derived from a 4th-order truncated Taylor expansion. Prior analytical and AI-based work only found the 2nd-order expansion, which led to unstable LES. The additional terms emerge only when inter-scale energy transfer is considered alongside standard reconstruction criterion in the sparse-equation discovery.","short_abstract":"By combining AI and fluid physics, we discover a closed-form closure for 2D turbulence from small direct numerical simulation (DNS) data. Large-eddy simulation (LES) with this closure is accurate and stable, reproducing DNS statistics including those of extremes. We also show that the new closure could be derived from...","url_abs":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.20365","url_pdf":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2509.20365v3","authors":"[\"Karan Jakhar\",\"Yifei Guan\",\"Pedram Hassanzadeh\"]","published":"2025-09-05T06:22:06Z","proceeding":"physics.ao-ph","tasks":"[\"physics.ao-ph\",\"cs.LG\"]","methods":"[]","has_code":false}