{"ID":2871214,"CreatedAt":"2026-06-01T04:54:23.091178241Z","UpdatedAt":"2026-06-01T04:54:23.091178241Z","DeletedAt":null,"paper_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.11052","arxiv_id":"2509.11052","title":"Commenotes: Synthesizing Organic Comments to Support Community-Based Fact-Checking","abstract":"Community-based fact-checking is promising to reduce the spread of misleading posts at scale. However, its effectiveness can be undermined by the delays in fact-check delivery. Notably, user-initiated organic comments often contain debunking information and have the potential to help mitigate this limitation. Here, we investigate the feasibility of synthesizing comments to generate timely high-quality fact-checks. To this end, we analyze over 2.2 million replies on X and introduce Commenotes, a two-phase framework that filters and synthesizes comments to facilitate fact-check delivery. Our framework reveals that fact-checking comments appear early and sufficiently: 99.3\\% of misleading posts receive debunking comments within the initial two hours since post publication, with synthesized \\textit{commenotes} successfully earning user trust for 85.8\\% of those posts. Additionally, a user study (N=144) found that the synthesized commenotes were often preferred, with the best-performing model achieving a 70.1\\% win rate over human notes and being rated as significantly more helpful.","short_abstract":"Community-based fact-checking is promising to reduce the spread of misleading posts at scale. However, its effectiveness can be undermined by the delays in fact-check delivery. Notably, user-initiated organic comments often contain debunking information and have the potential to help mitigate this limitation. Here, we...","url_abs":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.11052","url_pdf":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2509.11052v1","authors":"[\"Shuning Zhang\",\"Linzhi Wang\",\"Dai Shi\",\"Yuwei Chuai\",\"Jingruo Chen\",\"Yunyi Chen\",\"Yifan Wang\",\"Yating Wang\",\"Xin Yi\",\"Hewu Li\"]","published":"2025-09-14T02:40:00Z","proceeding":"cs.HC","tasks":"[\"cs.HC\"]","methods":"[\"Generative Adversarial Network\"]","has_code":false}