{"ID":2870909,"CreatedAt":"2026-06-01T04:54:23.091178241Z","UpdatedAt":"2026-06-01T04:54:23.091178241Z","DeletedAt":null,"paper_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.11901","arxiv_id":"2509.11901","title":"Expressive Power of One-Shot Control Operators and Coroutines","abstract":"Control operators, such as exceptions and effect handlers, provide a means of representing computational effects in programs abstractly and modularly. While most theoretical studies have focused on multi-shot control operators, one-shot control operators -- which restrict the use of captured continuations to at most once -- are gaining attention for their balance between expressiveness and efficiency. This study aims to fill the gap. We present a mathematically rigorous comparison of the expressive power among one-shot control operators, including effect handlers, delimited continuations, and even asymmetric coroutines. Following previous studies on multi-shot control operators, we adopt Felleisen's macro-expressiveness as our measure of expressiveness. We verify the folklore that one-shot effect handlers and one-shot delimited-control operators can be macro-expressed by asymmetric coroutines, but not vice versa. We explain why a previous informal argument fails, and how to revise it to make a valid macro-translation.","short_abstract":"Control operators, such as exceptions and effect handlers, provide a means of representing computational effects in programs abstractly and modularly. While most theoretical studies have focused on multi-shot control operators, one-shot control operators -- which restrict the use of captured continuations to at most on...","url_abs":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.11901","url_pdf":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2509.11901v1","authors":"[\"Kentaro Kobayashi\",\"Yukiyoshi Kameyama\"]","published":"2025-09-15T13:24:41Z","proceeding":"cs.PL","tasks":"[\"cs.PL\",\"cs.LO\"]","methods":"[]","has_code":false}