{"ID":2867536,"CreatedAt":"2026-06-01T04:54:23.091178241Z","UpdatedAt":"2026-06-01T04:54:23.091178241Z","DeletedAt":null,"paper_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.17436","arxiv_id":"2509.17436","title":"MedFact: A Large-scale Chinese Dataset for Evidence-based Medical Fact-checking of LLM Responses","abstract":"Medical fact-checking has become increasingly critical as more individuals seek medical information online. However, existing datasets predominantly focus on human-generated content, leaving the verification of content generated by large language models (LLMs) relatively unexplored. To address this gap, we introduce MedFact, the first evidence-based Chinese medical fact-checking dataset of LLM-generated medical content. It consists of 1,321 questions and 7,409 claims, mirroring the complexities of real-world medical scenarios. We conduct comprehensive experiments in both in-context learning (ICL) and fine-tuning settings, showcasing the capability and challenges of current LLMs on this task, accompanied by an in-depth error analysis to point out key directions for future research. Our dataset is publicly available at https://github.com/AshleyChenNLP/MedFact.","short_abstract":"Medical fact-checking has become increasingly critical as more individuals seek medical information online. However, existing datasets predominantly focus on human-generated content, leaving the verification of content generated by large language models (LLMs) relatively unexplored. To address this gap, we introduce Me...","url_abs":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.17436","url_pdf":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2509.17436v1","authors":"[\"Tong Chen\",\"Zimu Wang\",\"Yiyi Miao\",\"Haoran Luo\",\"Yuanfei Sun\",\"Wei Wang\",\"Zhengyong Jiang\",\"Procheta Sen\",\"Jionglong Su\"]","published":"2025-09-22T07:26:47Z","proceeding":"cs.CL","tasks":"[\"cs.CL\"]","methods":"[\"Large Language Model\",\"Language Model\"]","has_code":false,"code_links":[{"ID":609476,"CreatedAt":"2026-06-01T04:54:23.091178241Z","UpdatedAt":"2026-06-01T04:54:23.091178241Z","DeletedAt":null,"paper_id":2867536,"paper_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.17436","paper_title":"MedFact: A Large-scale Chinese Dataset for Evidence-based Medical Fact-checking of LLM Responses","repo_url":"https://github.com/AshleyChenNLP/MedFact","is_official":false,"mentioned_in_paper":false,"mentioned_in_github":true,"github_stars":0}]}