{"ID":2866847,"CreatedAt":"2026-06-01T04:54:23.091178241Z","UpdatedAt":"2026-06-01T04:54:23.091178241Z","DeletedAt":null,"paper_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.18505","arxiv_id":"2509.18505","title":"Optimization-Guided Exploration of Advanced Air Mobility Congestion Management Strategies with Stochastic Demands","abstract":"Advanced Air Mobility (AAM) represents an evolution of the air transportation system by introducing low-altitude, potentially high-traffic environments. AAM operations will be enabled by both new aircraft, as well as new safety- and efficiency-critical supporting infrastructure. Published concepts of operations from both public and private sector entities establish notions such as federated management of the airspace and public-private partnerships for AAM air traffic, but there is a gap in the literature in terms of integrated tools that consider all three critical elements: AAM fleet operators (\\emph{lower} layer), airspace service providers (\\emph{middle} layer), and overall system governance from the legacy air navigation service provider (\\emph{upper} layer). In this work, we explore modeling congestion management within the AAM setting using a bi-level optimization approach, focusing on (1) time-varying, stochastic AAM demand, (2) differing congestion management strategies, and (3) the impact of unscheduled, \\enquote{pop-up} demand. We show that our bi-level formulation can be tractably solved using a Neural Network-based surrogate which returns solution qualities within 0.1-5.2\\% of the optimal solution. Additionally, we show that our congestion management strategies can reduce congestion by 25.7-39.8\\% when compared to the scenario of no strategies being applied. Finally, we also show that while pop-up demand degrades congestion conditions, our congestion management strategies fare better against pop-up demand than the no strategy scenario. The work herein contributes a rigorous modeling and simulation tool to help evaluate future AAM traffic management concepts and strategies.","short_abstract":"Advanced Air Mobility (AAM) represents an evolution of the air transportation system by introducing low-altitude, potentially high-traffic environments. AAM operations will be enabled by both new aircraft, as well as new safety- and efficiency-critical supporting infrastructure. Published concepts of operations from bo...","url_abs":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.18505","url_pdf":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2509.18505v1","authors":"[\"Haochen Wu\",\"Lesley A. Weitz\",\"Jeffrey M. Henderson\",\"Max Z. Li\"]","published":"2025-09-23T01:12:49Z","proceeding":"math.OC","tasks":"[\"math.OC\"]","methods":"[\"LoRA\"]","has_code":false}