{"ID":2855774,"CreatedAt":"2026-06-01T04:54:23.091178241Z","UpdatedAt":"2026-06-01T04:54:23.091178241Z","DeletedAt":null,"paper_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.12539","arxiv_id":"2510.12539","title":"Toward Safe and Energy-Efficient 5G NR V2X Communications in Rural Environments","abstract":"Connected braking can reduce fatal collisions in connected and autonomous vehicles (CAVs) by using reliable, low-latency 5G New Radio (NR) links, especially NR Sidelink Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X). In rural areas, road side units are sparse and power-constrained, so energy efficiency must be considered alongside safety. This paper studies how three communication control factors including subcarrier spacing ($\\mathrm{SCS}$), modulation and coding scheme ($\\mathrm{MCS}$), and transmit power ($P_{\\mathrm{t}}$) should be configured to balance safety and energy consumption in rural scenarios in light and heavy traffic scenarios. Safety is quantified by the packet receive ratio ($\\mathrm{PRR}$) against the minimum communication distance $D_{\\mathrm{comm}}$, defined as the distance that the vehicle travels during the transmission of the safety message. Results show that, under heavy traffic, increasing $P_{\\mathrm{t}}$ and selecting a low-rate $\\mathrm{MCS}$ at $\\mathrm{SCS} = 30$ kHz sustains high $\\mathrm{PRR}$ at $D_{\\mathrm{comm}}$, albeit with higher energy cost. In light traffic, maintaining lower $P_\\mathrm{t}$ with low $\\mathrm{MCS}$ levels achieves a favorable reliability-energy trade-off while preserving acceptable $\\mathrm{PRR}$ at $D_{\\mathrm{comm}}$. These findings demonstrate the necessity of adaptive, energy-aware strategy to guarantee both safety and energy efficiency in rural V2X systems.","short_abstract":"Connected braking can reduce fatal collisions in connected and autonomous vehicles (CAVs) by using reliable, low-latency 5G New Radio (NR) links, especially NR Sidelink Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X). In rural areas, road side units are sparse and power-constrained, so energy efficiency must be considered alongside safety...","url_abs":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.12539","url_pdf":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2510.12539v3","authors":"[\"Zhanle Zhao\",\"Son Dinh-Van\",\"Yuen Kwan Mo\",\"Siddartha Khastgir\",\"Matthew D. Higgins\"]","published":"2025-10-14T14:03:05Z","proceeding":"eess.SY","tasks":"[\"eess.SY\",\"eess.SP\"]","methods":"[]","has_code":false}