{"ID":2833950,"CreatedAt":"2026-06-01T04:54:23.091178241Z","UpdatedAt":"2026-06-01T04:54:23.091178241Z","DeletedAt":null,"paper_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.02628","arxiv_id":"2512.02628","title":"Joint Beamforming and Matching for Ultra-Dense Massive Antenna Arrays","abstract":"Massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) offers substantial spectral-efficiency gains, but scaling to very large antenna arrays with conventional all-digital and hybrid beamforming architectures quickly results in excessively high costs and power consumption. Low-cost, switch-based architectures have recently emerged as a potential alternative. However, prior studies rely on simplified models that ignore (among others) antenna coupling, radiation patterns, and matching losses, resulting in inaccurate performance predictions. In this paper, we use a physically consistent electromagnetic modeling framework to analyze an ultra-dense patch-antenna array architecture that performs joint beamforming and matching using networks of inexpensive RF switches. Our results demonstrate that simple, switch-based beamforming architectures can approach the antenna-gain of all-digital solutions at significantly lower cost and complexity.","short_abstract":"Massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) offers substantial spectral-efficiency gains, but scaling to very large antenna arrays with conventional all-digital and hybrid beamforming architectures quickly results in excessively high costs and power consumption. Low-cost, switch-based architectures have recently emer...","url_abs":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.02628","url_pdf":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2512.02628v1","authors":"[\"Carolina Nolasco-Ferencikova\",\"Georg Schwan\",\"Raphael Rolny\",\"Alexander Stutz-Tirri\",\"Christoph Studer\"]","published":"2025-12-02T10:39:20Z","proceeding":"eess.SP","tasks":"[\"eess.SP\",\"cs.IT\"]","methods":"[]","has_code":false}