{"ID":2826633,"CreatedAt":"2026-06-01T04:54:23.091178241Z","UpdatedAt":"2026-06-01T04:54:23.091178241Z","DeletedAt":null,"paper_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.00809","arxiv_id":"2601.00809","title":"A Modular Reference Architecture for MCP-Servers Enabling Agentic BIM Interaction","abstract":"Agentic workflows driven by large language models (LLMs) are increasingly applied to Building Information Modelling (BIM), enabling natural-language retrieval, modification and generation of IFC models. Recent work has begun adopting the emerging Model Context Protocol (MCP) as a uniform tool-calling interface for LLMs, simplifying the agent side of BIM interaction. While MCP standardises how LLMs invoke tools, current BIM-side implementations are still authoring tool-specific and ad hoc, limiting reuse, evaluation, and workflow portability across environments. This paper addresses this gap by introducing a modular reference architecture for MCP servers that enables API-agnostic, isolated and reproducible agentic BIM interactions. From a systematic analysis of recurring capabilities in recent literature, we derive a core set of requirements. These inform a microservice architecture centred on an explicit adapter contract that decouples the MCP interface from specific BIM-APIs. A prototype implementation using IfcOpenShell demonstrates feasibility across common modification and generation tasks. Evaluation across representative scenarios shows that the architecture enables reliable workflows, reduces coupling, and provides a reusable foundation for systematic research.","short_abstract":"Agentic workflows driven by large language models (LLMs) are increasingly applied to Building Information Modelling (BIM), enabling natural-language retrieval, modification and generation of IFC models. Recent work has begun adopting the emerging Model Context Protocol (MCP) as a uniform tool-calling interface for LLMs...","url_abs":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.00809","url_pdf":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2601.00809v2","authors":"[\"Tobias Heimig-Elschner\",\"Changyu Du\",\"Anna Scheuvens\",\"André Borrmann\",\"Jakob Beetz\"]","published":"2025-12-21T23:12:26Z","proceeding":"cs.OH","tasks":"[\"cs.OH\",\"cs.AI\",\"cs.MA\"]","methods":"[\"Large Language Model\",\"Language Model\"]","has_code":false}