{"ID":2825385,"CreatedAt":"2026-06-01T04:54:23.091178241Z","UpdatedAt":"2026-06-01T04:54:23.091178241Z","DeletedAt":null,"paper_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.20962","arxiv_id":"2512.20962","title":"Time-Bucketed Balance Records: Bounded-Storage Ephemeral Tokens for Resource-Constrained Systems","abstract":"Fungible tokens with time-to-live (TTL) semantics require tracking individual expiration times for each deposited unit. A naive implementation creates a new balance record per deposit, leading to unbounded storage growth and vulnerability to denial-of-service attacks. We present time-bucketed balance records, a data structure that bounds storage to O(k) records per account while guaranteeing that tokens never expire before their configured TTL. Our approach discretizes time into k buckets, coalescing deposits within the same bucket to limit unique expiration timestamps. We prove three key properties: (1) storage is bounded by k+1 records regardless of deposit frequency, (2) actual expiration time is always at least the configured TTL, and (3) adversaries cannot increase a victim's operation cost beyond O(k)[amortized] worst case. We provide a reference implementation in Solidity with measured gas costs demonstrating practical efficiency.","short_abstract":"Fungible tokens with time-to-live (TTL) semantics require tracking individual expiration times for each deposited unit. A naive implementation creates a new balance record per deposit, leading to unbounded storage growth and vulnerability to denial-of-service attacks. We present time-bucketed balance records, a data st...","url_abs":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.20962","url_pdf":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2512.20962v1","authors":"[\"Shaun Scovil\",\"Bhargav Chickmagalur Nanjundappa\"]","published":"2025-12-24T05:38:08Z","proceeding":"cs.DS","tasks":"[\"cs.DS\"]","methods":"[]","has_code":false}